Clabifying device eob liquids



April 10, 1928.

' A. L. RASEY CLARIFYING DEVICE FOR LIQUIDS Original Filed June 26. 1922I INVENTOR. W /P Ewma,

A TTORNEYS Mean; maze.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

menu. 1-. man, or MILWAUKEE, wrsconsm.

CLABIIYING DEVICE FOR LIQUIDS.

Original application fled June 26, 1922, Serial in. 570,880. Divided andapplication filed "January 7,

1924, Serial'l'o. 884,734. Original No. 1,602,935,

January so, 1928. Serial No. 250,648.

This invention relates to improvementsin clarifying devices for liquids.The specific disclosure herein relates more particularly to anembodiment of my invention which is peculiarly adapted to removephysical impurities from oil.

It is the primary objectof this myention to produce a device capable ofeffecting the rapid removal from any liquid all physical impurities,such as solids or other 11 u1ds of greater specific gravity than theliquid to be purified. Filters and other devices now available are bothcumbersome in size and slow in operation.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a clarifying deviceof such a size and character as to be peculiarly adapted for associationwith the circulatory lubricating system of an internal combustion engineor the like.

The application of a clarifying device to a circulatory system forlubricating oil involves certain problems which to the best of myknowledge, have not hitherto been solved. Attempts have been made toclarify the oil in such systems by the introduction of screens andsimilar mechanism for filtering the oil. These expedients have provenunsuccessful forthe reason that in a very short space of time thefilters or screens have become clo god and wholly inoperative. In mycopen ing application filed March 8, 1920, Serial No. 364,335, andentitled .Separators, I described a device which I have used withpartial success in a circulatory system for lubricatin oil. In thedevice disclosed in that apphcation I utilized the current of anautomobile generator to energize magnets arranged in the path of flow ofthe oil to the end that these magnets might draw from the oil allparticles of magnetizable metal carried therein. I found that as long asthe generator was operative the magnets accumulated a clot of impuritiesbut that when the generator ceased to function due to the reduction inspeed or to the stopping of the motor the clot of impurities held by themagnets was released and allowed to return into the circulatory systemwhere it tended 'to stop the passa es and minute openings in the motor.l urtherdated October 12, 1926. Application for reissue filed more thedevice disclosed in the above identlfied application did not ermanentlyremove from the liquid fluid and other nonmagnetic impurities carriedthereby.

It will be readily understood, therefore, that further-objects of thepresent invention are to provide a clarifying device which will wholland permanently remove from liquid passe magnetic physical impuritiescarried by said llqllld; to provide convenient and simple meansforcollecting and drawing off such mpurities whereby the circulatory systemmaybe permanent-1y rid of.t-hem;. and to as prov1de a simple, compactand easily constructed mechanism capable of achieving the desiredclarification of the oil or other liquid passed therethrough.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the internal combustionengine of a motor vehicle with a device embodying my invent-ion appliedthereto, portions of the electrical system of thiel vehicle beingillustrated diagrammatica y. I

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section through the chamber Within whichclarification of liquid is eflected.

Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views upon an enlarged scale of two of theconical on s which are disposed within the clarifying evice shown inFig. 2.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughoutthe several 35 views, which illustrate the device in service inassociation with an internal combustion engine under conditions forwhich the embodiment herein disclosed is particularly designed.

Aninternal combustion engine is represented at 10, and 11 representsan-oil pump which is preferably mounted, as usual, in association withthe lowest portion of the sump 12 of the crank case 13, of the internalo5 combustion engine 10. A pipe 14 connects the delivery end of oil pump11 through my improved clarifying device 15 with a point 16 adjacent thetop of the internal combustion engine. It will be understood 100 thatthe oil pumped by the device 11 will be distributed to the severalbearings of the intherethrough any magnetic or nonso pi 14. t

- The chamber 15 is shown in Fig. 1 be supported b a bracket 17 from anupright member suc as the board 18 which is 1n tended to represent,diagrammatically, a

portion of the dash of the vehicle. Bracket 17 preferably comprises asingle resilient piece of metal bent to theform shown in Fig;

tion 22 of the clarifying chamber. cup shaped member 26 is 1 and artured adjacent its end in order that it may clamped between nuts 19 and20 u n the bolt 21 which is centrally disposed within chamber 15. v

The oil clarifying chamber 15 includes an n per or body portion 22 ofcylindrical sli ape and closed at its top with the exception of the port23 through which the interior of the chamber is put into communicationwith the discharge end 14' of pipe-14.

The bolt 21 is threaded into the upper portion of the cylindrical body22 of the chamber and is axially disposed therein. The lock nut 20threaded upon bolt 21 has the further function of securing against thebody 22 of the chamber a fiberplate 24 upon which binding posts 25 forthe electrical connections are conveniently mounted.- As previouslystated, the bolt 21 is made of suflicient length to permit the threadingthereon of a second nut 19 between'which and the nut 20, the laterallyprojecting arm of bracket 17 is secured.

A cup shaped member26 is threaded upon the lower end of the cylindricalbody por- This rted at 27. A sto cock 28 controls the db livery ofmateria through said port.

A tube 29 has its lower end threaded in such. a way as to permit thistube to be screwed downwardly into the porti27 in the manner indicatedin Fig. 2. O enings 30 through the tube afford communication between theinterior of the tube and the interior of the cup shaped bottom closure26 and tube 29 serve as guides to facilitate the,

manipulation of the cup shaped cap 26 into its proper position ofengagement with the lowerend of the cylindrical body portion 22 of thechamber.

The tube 29 is shouldered at 31 and has mess I a'reduced diameter fromthat point .to its u per extremity. Su ported from y the sli oulder 31are a num r of substantially conical cups spaced from each other andfrom said shoulder-by collars 32. The bottommost .cu 33 is referablyinverted as shown in Fig. 2. he remaining cups 34 and 35 are alternatelyof the character shown in Fig.4 and Fig. 3. Each of the several cups 33,34, and 35 issimilar to each other cup in its shape',each is preferablythe shape. of a truncated cone at its smaller -end,each cup is providedwith an inwardly directed, annular flange 36. These flanges 36 are disosed upon the reduced upper portion of t-u e 29 and are confined betweenadjacent spacing collars '32. A collar 32' threaded upon the upperextremity of tube 29 clamps the entire. assembly of cups and spacingcollars in place upon the tube.

Cups 33, 34, and 35 are eacliprovided with an opening 38 ver Cu s 34 and33 di er from cups 35 in that e'ac of the cups 34 and 33 is preferablyof slight] greater diameter at its larger end than t e pluralityopenings 39 in addition to the opening 38 above mentioned. By referringthe openings 39 rather than to pass outsideof the periphery of cup 34.Each cup 35, however, lacks the openings 39 and the periphery of thesecups'is correspondingly far cups 35 and is also provided with a close tothe flange 36."

ther removed from the inner wall of the cylindrical member 22. .Thus theseveral cups act as baflle plates and cause liquid flowing throughchamber 15 to flow around cups 35 and through cups 34 for the most art.It is not necessary for the proper unctioning of this apparatus thatcups 34 be so large as to fit tightly within cylinder 22 and prevent thepassage of liquid about their peripheries. In fact I believe itadvisable to allow a small portion of the liquid to pass through theextremely limited space available between the peripheries of cups 34 andthe inner face of member 22.

The exterior of the cylinder 22, which forms the body of the device, isperipherally recessed and is thereby adapted to receive an electricalwinding indicated at 40 in Fig. 2. The two ends 41 and 42 of the wirewhich comprises winding 40 are led outwardly at the top of the deviceand are connected with binding posts 25. Means hereinafter to bedescribed is rovided for supplying current through bin ing posts 25 tothe winding 40 and thereby creating a magnetic field.

The chamber 15 including the body por- I tion 22 and the lower closure26 thereof is preferabl "made of non-magnetic material, such as w itemetal or aluminum. The several caps 33, 34, and and bolt 21are-preferably made of soft iron or some other good conductor ofmagnetic lines of force. The arrangement is such. that the tube 29 andbolt 21 will constitute a core in which the magnetism developed by thecurrent flowing through the winding will be concentrated. The metal ofeach of the cups 34 and 35will also be magnetized, but the strength ofthe magnetism in those elements. will decrease toward their peripheries.Thus when a magnetic particle is withdrawn from the oil at the peripheryofone of the cups 34 or 35 the particle will tend to pass inwardlytoward the tube 29 due to the greater magnetism existing in the centerof the device.

The manner in which I prefer toconnect my improved clarifying device inthe electrlcal circuit of a motor vehicle is indicated digrammaticallyin Fig. 1.

Practically every modern motor vehicle is provided with a generator 42.a battery 43, and a cut-out 44, the latter being adapted to break thecircuit between the generator 42 and battery 43 when the current outputof the generator falls below a predetermined uantity. The obvious andwell known unction of the cut-out is to prevent the cur rent stored inthe battery from expending itself through the windings of the generatorat such times as the generator is not in operation.

A single wire system is illustrated. One terminal of the generator isconnected with p the ground at 45 and the other is connected by wire 46with one of the binding posts 25 carried at the top of theclarifyingchamber 15. From the other of the binding posts 25 a wire 47leads to the cut-out device 44, which is conimonly nnounted upon thedash 18. A conductor 48 leads from the cut-out 44 to one terminal of thebattery 43, the other terminal beinggrounded at 49.

It will be understood from the foregoing that the generator, the winding40 upon the clarifying chamber 15, the circuit breaker or cut-out 44,and the battery 43 are all connected in series. When the cut-out device44 is in its closed position the current delivery from the generator tothe battery must necessaril pass about the winding 40 upon the clariying chamber 15. It is not necessary to utilize a great deal of energyin thecoil 40. In the devices which I have actually constructed and putinto operation the current loss is so small that it cannot be detectedwith an ordinary ammeter. The arrangement is obviously such that thisdevice consumes a minimum of current. The magnetic coil 40 is onlyoperative while the generator 42 is charging the battery. In otherwords, as soon as the engine is in operation the coil 40 will becarrying electricity and the magnetic elements of the device will beenergized. As soon, however, as the motor drops below. the speednecessary for charging the batter or when the motor is stoppedaltogether, the automatic cut-out device 44 becomes. operative to breakthe circuit and the coil 40 of the clarifying cham her is disconnectedfrom the battery. I am thus able to provide current formy device whencurrentis needed and to render the operation of the device whollyautomatic so that the current is shut off to prevent 'wastage ofvthebattery at such times as the oil is not circulated through theclarifying chan1- ber15.

Where the device is used elsewhere than in a motor vehicle its coilswill be energized through any switch controlled electrical circuit andthe operator may turn the current through the device at such times asoil or other liquid is passingtherethrough.

The operation of this device is as follows:

\Vhen the motor 10 is running, the oil collecting in the sump portion 12of the crank case 13 will beimpelled by pump 11 through pipe 14 into anintermediate portion of the chamber 15. It will be noted by reference toFig. 2 that the pipe 14 discharges into the chamber above the invertedconical cup 33 and between the cups 33 and34. It is the function of cup33 to provide a partial closure for the lower portion of chamber 15 inwhich the sludge or foreign particles removed from the oil by theoperation of this device may collect without becoming entrained by theflow of oil entering the device through pipe 14.

The oil flows very slowly through chamber 15. It would be possible tomake tube 29 non-magnetic and to make the cylinder .portion 22 ofmagnetic material, the arrangement being such as to draw the magneticparticles outwardly instead of inward ly, but in that constructitm theoil would have a comparatively rapid rate of flow since it would passabout the bafiie plates at their smallends instead of at their outerextremities, as in the present device. For this reason the constructionillustrated is preferred. Another reason for preferring the presentconstruction is found in the fact that herein the magnetism isconcentrated at a point remote from the path of liquid flow so thatthere is a constant tendency towithdraw magnetic material toward theaxis of the device and out of the course of flow of the liquid. The oilor other liquid entering through pipe 14 passes upwardly within cylinder22 until it encounters the cup or the baflie 34. The combined area ofthe several 7, the periphery of pigeu. The rate of flow of the oil astthis a and the other in the series, wi therefore, be comparatively slow.

A small of the oil will flow between the eri hery of the plate 34 andcylinder 22. u oil as follows this course Wlll pass cup 34 inthe form ofa thin film so that any articles of forei matter "carried by the 01 willbe brought in extremely close proximity to the periphery of the cup.matter are of magnetic material they will cling to the cup and willgradually pass downwardly alon its inner surface toward the center ofthe direction not only by the greater magnetism existing at the centerof t e device but also b gravity. Non-magnetic material will alsoaccumulate about the peripheries of the cups and will tend to passdownwardly toward their lower portions. Doubtless some of thisnon-magnetic matter adheres to magnetic particles and is drawn with themag-' netic particles to the center ofthe device. Other non-magneticparticles doubtless adhere to the cups themselves until they aredislodged by the flow of liquid past them or by some other cause and areactuated by gravity toward the bottom of the cup. The space cent itsbetween each pgir of cups also constitutes a settling cham r wherein thespeed of the oil is greatly reduced. The non-magnetic particles whichhave been carried in suspension by the rapidly moving oil will settleout when the speed of-the oil is reduced following its entry into one ofthe relatively large spaces between adjacent cups or baf- It has alreadybeen stated that a portion of the oil asses between the periphery of cup34 an the inner wall of cylinder 22. The remainder of the flow will takeplace through the several openings 39. In the next succeeding cup 35,however, no openings 39 are provided and it is necessary that the entireflow of the liquid take place about the periphery of the cup. In ordernot to restrict unduly the flow of oil through the device, cup 35 is ofsmaller size than cup 34 and a greaterunobstructed area lies adjaeriphery. The thickness, however, of the film of oil delivered over theperiphcry of any of the cups 35 is relatively very small and anymagnetic particles still carried by the oil must pass so closely to cup35 as to come within the field of ma netic attraction exercised by saidcup and will'tend to be drawn from the oil and retained by the cup.

Above cup 35 is a secondxcup 34 and as previously stated, it will benecessary for a in part of the oil passing about the perip ery of en 35to find its way through the opening39 o the succeeding cup 34. Thisconstruction brings about a downward cur- If these particles of foreigndevice, being urged in that ence' lated by the ma rent of oil betweenthe first cup 35 and the second cup 34, thereby facilitating the movement toward the center of the device of any "moving downwardly betweenon s 35 and the second cup 34 turns upw y to pass throu 'h openings 39there will be a tendency for a solid matter carried in suspension toprecipitate toward the bottom of cup35.

During the progress of the oil thro h this device it is su jectedrepeatedly to e action of the mechanical and magnetic agen-- ciestending to remove all foreign matter therefrom. It has been found thateven water and other like liquids with r specific avity than the oilwill i separate from the oil during the passage of the oil through thisdevice. When, eventually, the oil reaches the top of chamber 15 andasses out through pi 14' it will be clari ed and free from E grit orother foreign matter. i

' It will be remembered that each of the cups 34 and 35 is providedadjacent its smaller end with an n .38. As the sludge or foreign matterually accumulates in the cups it downwardly through openings 38 towarthe bottom of the device and eventuall reaches the ca 26 within which itis retained until the 00 28 is o ened. The chamber 15 is preferablylocate well above the remainder of the circulatory system of the motorso that when cock 28 is opened only such oil as is retained within thechamber will flow out. The flow of oil from the chamber will carry withit practically the entire accumulation of sludge, grit and water fromcups 34 and 35 as well as from cap 26. If, however, it is desired togive the device a more thorough cleanirgg the cap 26 may be unscrewedfrom the b y portion 22 and, when removed therefrom, will carry with itthe entire assembl only t e bare interior of the cylindrical bodyportion 22 and the bolt 21 projectin centrally downwardly therein.Ob'viou' y, the device may then-be thoroughly cleansed and readilyrestored to operative condition by replacing cap 26.

It will be noted that neath the openings 39 (toward the center of thedevice from said openings) there is a considerable space for theaccumulation of foreign matter. In other magnetically operated oilclarifying devices it has been a fact that as soon asst e supply ofcurrent to the devices became low or was cut off altogether, due to thelow speed of operation ofithe motor the electrical y induced magn longerexist and the clot of material accumuets would be released to be flow ofoil through the carried on b t e of nested cups 34 and 35 leaving etismwoul no motor where there was. a serious tendency mean device into thelubricating passages of the for this material to catch and clog thelubricatin circuit. This difficulty has been comlete overcome by theresent device. ct er or not current is owing through the energizing coil40, an and all material which has been with r'awn from thev liquideither mechanically or magnetically is permanently retained in the lowerportions of the cu out of reach of currents which might tens to drawthese particles again nto the main fiow of the oil. I

This device is particularly well su ted for use upon a motor vehicle orin combination with an internal combustion engine. I have found that thevibration set up by the operation of an internal combustion en inc (suchas the engine of a motor veh1cle ver helpful in effecting a separationof bot the magnetic and non-magnetic particles from the oil. It is clearthat when a bit of iron or other magnetizable material has beenattracted to the periphery of one of the cups 34 or 35, the vibration ofthe whole device, induced by the operation of the motor with which it isassociated, will tend to aid gravity and the greater magnetism existingat the center of the device to draw that particle downwardlj toward thebottom of the cup. The vibratory action likewise will assist in causingmatter accumulated in the upper cups to pass downwardly through openings38 into the cups beneath. I also believe that the vibrations accounts insome measure for the success of the device in extracting non-magneticparticles as well as magnetic particles from the oil. I v

To the end that I may utilize asfar as possible the beneficial efiectsof vibration I prefer to mount this device upon the type of bracketshownat 17 in Fig. 1. As previously stated this bracket comprises simply asingle piece of resilient metal and the chamber 15 is suspended from thebracket as shown;

While the clarifying device above described is particularly adapted foruse upon a 'motor vehicle, its value is not restricted to this use. Sofar as I am aware this device is the first practical clarifying devicethrough which theliquid to be cla-rlfied can be passed with any degreeof rapidity. Concerns now en aged in vending oil use filters throughwhic the oil requires several hours to pass, whereas the same quantityof oil may be clarified in my device in a few minutes. I have connectedthe chamber 15 in an oil line through which oil was fed by gravity andhave energized the winding 40 with electricit' from a li hting circuitwith good resu ts. Black, gritty oil passed through the device wasdischargd free from grit and with original light color restored.

Similarly I have applied this device to motor vehicles wherein the-motors contained oil which was black, gritt and apparently non-viscousand after a ew miles, 0 ration of the vehicle the oil has been freed Inits grit and its viscosity and light color have the liquid to beclarifie While I regard the particular shape and construction;illustrated asbeing an extremely simple and convenient embodiment of myinvention, and while I believe that by utilizing the constructionillustrated, devices'embodying my invention can be reduced in size tooccu y a minimum space for a given capacity, nevertheless, do not wishto limit my invention in any way to the particular construction abovedisclosed.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that many otherconstructions might be adopted in which the inclined bafile plates andmagnetic elements of the present disclosure might be rearranged toutilize the principle discussed above, whereby the foreign matter, onceseparated from the liquid flowing through the device, is withdrawn bymagnetism and gravity to a point remote from the path of flow of theliquid and is there maintained against the possibility .of becomingagain taken up by the liquid.

I claim: 7

1.- The combination with an oil passage includin a chamber, of a.magnetic bod disposed in said chamber in the path 0 fluid therethrough,a second chamber beneath said magnetic body and in communication withsaid first chamber and remote from the path of fluid therethrough, acoil having said magnetic body within its influence, and anintermittently operated source of electrical energy operativelyconnected with said coil, whereby said body will be intermittentlymagnetically active to remove magnetic particles from fluid passingthrough said chamber and a large portion of said particles upon theirrelease from said body during the magnetic inactivity thereof willfinally pass into said second chamber.

2. The combination-with a fluid duct including a chamber, of a pluralityof spaced magnetizable plates inclined within said chamber and havingtheir upper margins in the path of'fiuid flow therethrough, said clinedelements so di of fluid through said chamber a coiled sl gtricalconductor including said plates withm its magnetic influence and adaptedto produce a magnetic field concentrated at a point remote from theupper margins of said plates, and an intermittently operated source ofelectrical ener to sup y current to and conductor, where y said p atesWlll be ma netically energized intermittently to w1 draw magneticparticles from fluid passing their margins and, to release sa 1dparticles into said cavity upon the intermittent cessation of the su plyof electrical current.

3. The com m'ation with a passage arranged to permit of a continuousflow of liquid and provided with a settling chamber of a plurality oflates of magnetic material s aced in the irection of liquid travel trough said passage with upper'marins 1n the path of liquid flowtherethroug and adapted to deliver material gravltationally to saidchamber, an electrical windin about said passage adapted to beintermittently energized and adapted to produce a magnetic fieldincluding said plates with its center at a point remote from said uppermargins, whereby magnetizable partlcles 1n the hqurd of said assage willbe wholly withdrawn from sai liquld when said winding is energized and alarge rtion of such particles will be ultimately elivercd to saidchamber when said winding is de-energized.

4. A clarifying device for llquids, said .device comprising a chamber, aset of elements within the chamber each having one marg n elevated andso arranged as to permit liquid flow across their elevated margin, andmeans for creating a magnetic field embracin said chamber, and assingeaxially throug all portions of sai cham r.

5. A clarifying device for liquids, sald device comprising a chamber, aseries of inclined elements within the chamber, each of said elementshaving one margin elevated, said elements being constructed of magneticmaterial, means for assing liquid to be clarified throu h said chamberand upwardly across t e upper margins of said in clined elements, andmeans for magnetizing said elements.

6. A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprising a chamber, aseries of in osed within the chamber as to permit liquid flow acrosstheir upper margins, means for passin liquid to be clarified throughsaid cham er and upwardly past the upper margin of said inclinedelements means for creating a magnetic field embracing said elements,and means for concentrating the intensity of said field adjacent thelowest portions of said elements.

7 A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprisin a chamber,means for inducing a flow of 'quid through said chamber,

spaced elements within said chamber having relatively quiet areasbetween them remote from the 'path' of li uid flow through the chamberand means or creating a magnetic field including said elements. Y

8. A clarifying device for liquids, said dev1ce comprising a chamber,means for inducing ,a flow of liquid through the chamber, spacedelements within said chamber having their margins exposed to the liquidflowing therethrough, the area between said elements being comparativelyquiet and remote from the path of flow of liquid through the chamber,means for creating a magnetic field including said chamber, and meansfor concentrating the intensity of the magnetic field in the area remotefrom the main path of flow of the liquid.

9. A clarifying devicefor liquids, said dev1ce comprising a chamber,spaced elements constructed of magnetic material disposed within saidchamber, means for passing liq- 111d. to be clarified through thechamber, and an exclt-mg coil surrounding said chamber for magnetizingsaid elements.

l( A clarifying device for liquids, said 'devlce comprising a chamber, asup ort of magnetlzable metal centrally disposer? there- 1n, spacedelements of magnetizable mater1al mounted upon said support and aconductor coiled about said chamber and adapted when energized to createa ma netic field including said chamber, the centre support and spacedelements being so disposed as to constitute a core for the coiledconductor. i

11. A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprising a chamberhaving a ortion protected from currents or liquid ing through thechamber, means for inducing a ow of liquid through the chamber, a seriesof spaced elements of magnetizable material having their margins exposedto the flow of liquid within the chamber, a central support for saidelements, said support being also of magnetizable material, and anelectrical conductor so disposed that current carried thereby willenergize said coil and said elements.

12. A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprising a chamber,an electrical winding exterior to said chamber, a support of magneticmaterial centrally disposed therein, a series of spaced elements ofmagnetic material mounted upon the support, said support and saidelements constituting a core for said winding, and means for drawing offfrom the space between saidelements matter there accumulating.

13. A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprising aperipherally grooved chamber of substantially circular cross-section, anelectrical conductor wound within said groove and forming a coilexterior to said chamber, a substantial mass of magnetic mesa "chamber,a set spaced elements of magnetic material symmetrically disposed aboutsaid mass of similar material, means for inducing a flow of liquidthrough said chamber and past the margins of said elements, and meansfor drawing from between said elements material there accumulating.

14. A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprisin a two-partchamber of circular cross-section provided with an open ing in itsbottom and inlet and outlet ports, a cock controlling the opening, meansfor obstructing the circulation of liquid throughout the portionzof saidchamber adjacent said openin means for inducing a flow of liquid upwarly through said chamber, a core of magnetic material centrally disposedtherein, a series of baflle elements of magnetic material provided withopenings in their bottom portions and vertically spaced within saidchamber in the path of liquid flow there'- through, the area availablefor liquid flow being limited about said elements, and means forcreating a magnetic field including said chamber.

15. A clarifying device for liquids, said device comprising a two-partchamber of circular cross-section provided with an opening in its bottomand inlet and outlet ports, a cock controlling the opening, means forobstructing the circulation of liquid throughout the portion of saidchamber adjacent said opening, means for inducing a flow of liquidupwardly through said chamber, a core of magnetic material centrallydisposed therein, a series of battle elements of magnetic mate rialprovided with openings in their bottom portions and vertically spacedwithin said chamber in the path of liquid flow therethrough, the areaavailable for liquid flow being limited about said'elements, means forcreating a magnetic field including said chamber, and means forsubjecting said chamber to vibration.

16. A device for removing impurities in a circulatory lubricating systemcomprising a chamber adapted to be incorporated in said system,magnetizable baflle elements spaced within said chamber to form. aseries of pockets therein, the direction of flow of the lubricantthrough said chamber being across the open mouths of the pockets and thearea of said pockets being lower than the mouths, and means forsubjecting said chamber to the influence of a magnetic field wherebysaid baflle elements are magnetized and tend to withdraw magnetizableforeign matter from. the lubricating matter passing through saidchamber, said pockets being adapted to retain such matter irrespectiveof the continuance or discontinuance of the magnetic field.

17. The combination with an internal combustion en ine provided with acirculatory system lnc uding a chamber, and a settling cavity 1ncommunlcation therewith,of an electrical generator arranged to bedriven.

from said engine, and electromagnetically energized separator meansoperatively con-' nected with said generator to receive energy therefromduring the actuation of said englue and to be deener-gized whensuchengine stops, and operatively associated with said chamber and abovesaid cavity for the gravitational deliver of such material tosaid cavitywhen said clectromagnet is de-ener-' gized. v

18. The combination with an internal combustion engine having acirculatory lubrication system and an electric generator, ofelectromagnetic means operated from said generator associated with'saidsystem and adapted wholly to remove magneticall attractable particlesfrom the path of fluid in said system, whereby upon the stopping of theengine and the consequent cessation of the current supply of saidgenerator to the electromagnetic means such particles will not berestored to said system.

19. The combination with an internal combustion engine, an electricgenerator driven therefrom, a storage batteryand a circuit within saidchamber, and a' coil of wire in-' terposed between the generator and thebattery and adapted to receive electric current produced by thegenerator and to utilize said current to energize said baflle elements,the flow of said electric current to said coil ceasing when said enginestops.

20. The combination with an internal combustion engine, an electricgenerator driven therefrom, a battery and a cut-out connected in serieswith the generator and the battery, of a circulatory lubricating systemfor said engine, a chamber within said system, means subject to thecontrol of said cut-out forutilizing the current passing between thegenerator and the battery for developing a magnetic field including saidchamber, the flow of said current to said means ceasing when said enginesto s, means for subjecting said chamber to tie vibrations of theengine, a core of magnetizable material centrally disposed within saidchamber, cups spaced apart within said chamber and the path of liquid.flow therethrough and provided with openings in their bottoms, and meansfor sequestering in said chamber foreign matter lodging therein, wherebyirrespective of the operation of said generator foreign matter. will notbe returned to said lubricating system and the flow of lubricant withinsaid system Wlll be unobstructed.

21. In combination with an internal combustion engine provided with acirculatory lubricant system, a chamber in communication with saidsystem and through which the fluid passes, an electro-magncticallyenergized separator in said chamber and substantially in the path ofsaid fluid for removing impurities theretrom, and means op-' erativelyconnected with said engine for antomatically energizing andtie-energizing said separator means uponstarting an stopping of the.motor, said separator being adapted to permit gravitational movement ofthe magnetica ly attracted particles out of the path of said fluid whendeenergized.

22. In combination with an internal combustion engine provided with acirculatory lubricant system, a chamber in communication with saidsystem and through which the fluid passes, an electro-magneticallyenergized separator in said chamber and substantially in the path ofsaid fluid for removing impurities therefrom, means operativelyconnected with said en ine for automatically energizing and e-energlzingsaid separator means upon starting and stopping of the motor, and meansfor deenergizing said separator when the motor speed falls below apredetermined rate, said separator being adapted to permit gravitationalmovement of the magnetically attracted particles out of the path of saidfluid when de-energized.

23. In combination with an internal combustion engine provided with acirculatory lubricant system, a chamber in communication with saidsystem and through which mesa 4 i the fluid passes anelectro-magnetically energized separator in said chamber andsubstantially in the path of said fluid for rebustion engine providedwith a circulatory lubricant system, a. chamber in communication withsaid system and through which the fluid passes, an electro-magneticallyenergized separator in said chamber and substantially in the path ofsaid fluid for removing impurities therefrom, means operativelyconnected with said en e for automatically energizing and e-energizingsaid separator means upon starting and stopping of themotor, and meansfor deenergizing said separator when the motor speed falls below apredetermined rate, said separator being adapted to permit gravitationalmovement of the magnetically attracted particles out of the path of saidfluid when de-energized, and including a collecting pocket substantiallyremoved from the path of lubricant through said chamber adapted toreceive material which gravitationally moves relative to said magneticmeans when the latter is tie-energized.

ALBERT L. RASEY.

